Compline, a night prayer, is of monastic origin, as was prime, recited in the early morning before being suppressed in 1964. Terce, sext, and none correspond to the mid-morning, noon, and mid-afternoon hours. Lauds and vespers are the solemn morning and evening prayers of the church. Matins, the lengthiest, originally said at a night hour, is now appropriately said at any hour of the day. In the Roman Catholic Church there are seven canonical hours. From the earliest times, monks assembled several times daily. The divine office was a legacy to the clergy from the monks. Two institutions greatly responsible for the evolution of the forms of the office, in both Eastern and Western Christianity, were the monasteries and the choirs associated first with the churches known as basilicas and later with cathedrals. The practice of midnight prayer, especially before a great feast, also was common. The practice of public morning and evening prayer is very ancient, and early writings attest to the tradition of prayer at the third, sixth, and ninth hours of the day (9:00 am, 12:00 noon, and 3:00 pm). The history of the office, and of its various forms, is difficult to trace, as a result of its antiquity and the revisions created during the numerous attempts to reform it. Recurring at various times during the day and night, it is intended to sanctify the life of the Christian community.
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